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Dev C++ Strings

29.04.2020

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C++ provides following two types of string representations −

  • The C-style character string.
  • The string class type introduced with Standard C++.

The C-Style Character String

The C-style character string originated within the C language and continues to be supported within C++. This string is actually a one-dimensional array of characters which is terminated by a null character '0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters that comprise the string followed by a null.

The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the word 'Hello'. To hold the null character at the end of the array, the size of the character array containing the string is one more than the number of characters in the word 'Hello.'

If you follow the rule of array initialization, then you can write the above statement as follows −

Following is the memory presentation of above defined string in C/C++ −

Actually, you do not place the null character at the end of a string constant. The C++ compiler automatically places the '0' at the end of the string when it initializes the array. Let us try to print above-mentioned string −

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −

C++ supports a wide range of functions that manipulate null-terminated strings −

Dev c++ string to int
Sr.NoFunction & Purpose
1

strcpy(s1, s2);

Copies string s2 into string s1.

2

strcat(s1, s2);

Concatenates string s2 onto the end of string s1.

3

strlen(s1);

Returns the length of string s1.

4

strcmp(s1, s2);

Returns 0 if s1 and s2 are the same; less than 0 if s1<s2; greater than 0 if s1>s2.

5

strchr(s1, ch);

Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch in string s1.

6

strstr(s1, s2);

Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of string s2 in string s1.

Dev C++ Strings

Following example makes use of few of the above-mentioned functions −

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces result something as follows −

The String Class in C++

The standard C++ library provides a string class type that supports all the operations mentioned above, additionally much more functionality. Let us check the following example −

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces result something as follows −

I am trying to learn C++ and am trying to figure out how to use strings and if statements together. Here's the code I'm trying to play around with:

Every time I type in no, the statement 'You open the door' pops up. Free cooking pc games download full version pc. Anybody know what I'm doing wrong?

Thanks

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  • commentLatest Postby sftrannaLatest Post

mike_2000_172,669

First of all, for any type (string or other), the statement 'if ( a = b )' does not check whether a is equal to b, it assigns the value of b to a, and returns the final value a (which is also the value of b). The single = sign is an assignment operator, not a comparison operator. The comparison for equality is , i.e. double equal sign.

Second, the strings that you are using are so-called C-strings (kept for legacy support of C code in C++). The proper string to use is the class 'std::string' (in the '#include <string>' header. Using these, your code will work (with the double equal sign instead of single equal sign for comparisons).

Third, if you have to use 'char *', i.e. C-strings, then there is no equality operator for it, so 'a 'yes' will not work. The proper function to compare two C-strings is strcmp(), which will return 0 if they are equal. Thus:

Dev C Compiler

Finally, and most importantly, having 'char* a;' does not initialize 'a'. 'a' is a pointer to an array of characters (char). By not initializing it, you have a pointer that points nowhere (well it points somewhere, but not somewhere that it should point to, because the memory at that address will be used for something else and using 'a' uninitialized will corrupt your program). So, you need to initialize it by giving some space for it. Since you are beginning to learn, I'm not sure how much I should or could explain, so I will just say that you should replace line 5 by this:

C# String Functions

But, frankly, using std::string is highly recommended here.

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